Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
What is Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome?
Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome is a compression neuropathy of the tibial nerve as it passes through the tarsal tunnel on the medial side of the ankle.
- Involves compression of the tibial nerve
- May result from anatomical abnormalities or trauma
Overview of the Condition
This condition leads to pain, tingling, and numbness along the inner ankle and bottom of the foot.
Symptoms
- Burning pain and tingling on the inside of the ankle
- Numbness in the bottom of the foot
- Swelling around the tarsal tunnel
Causes
Common causes include overuse, trauma, varicose veins, or anatomical variations that narrow the tarsal tunnel.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis involves a clinical exam, Tinel’s sign testing, nerve conduction studies, and imaging to rule out other conditions.
Treatment Options
- Conservative measures such as rest and anti-inflammatory medications
- Custom orthotics and physical therapy
- Corticosteroid injections in some cases
Conservative Management
Initial treatment includes rest, ice, anti-inflammatory medications, and physical therapy to reduce nerve compression.
Rehabilitation Exercises
- Calf and ankle stretching
- Strengthening exercises for the foot muscles
- Gait training to reduce abnormal pressure on the nerve
Surgical Options
Surgical decompression (tarsal tunnel release) is considered when conservative treatments fail.
Anatomy Overview
The tarsal tunnel is a narrow space on the inside of the ankle, bounded by bone and a thick band of tissue (the flexor retinaculum).
Affected Areas
- Medial ankle
- Plantar surface of the foot
Frequently Asked Questions
QuestionAnswerCan Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome be cured?Many patients find relief with conservative treatments, though some may require surgery.What are common symptoms?Patients often report burning pain, tingling, and numbness in the inner ankle and foot.
Prevention Strategies
- Wear supportive footwear
- Avoid prolonged standing or walking on hard surfaces
- Maintain a healthy weight to reduce pressure on the feet
Related Conditions
- Posterior tibial tendon dysfunction
- Peripheral neuropathy
Additional Treatments
Additional management may include physical therapy and custom orthotic devices.
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