Knee
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Osteochondral Defect

Osteochondral Defect

In This Article

What is an Osteochondral Defect?

An osteochondral defect is a focal area of damaged cartilage and underlying bone, commonly found on the femoral condyles or tibial plateau in the knee.

  • Focal cartilage injury
  • May involve subchondral bone damage

Overview of the Condition

It often results from trauma or chronic overuse and can lead to pain and joint dysfunction.

Symptoms

  • Localized knee pain
  • Swelling and joint stiffness
  • Locking or catching sensations

Causes

Typically caused by acute trauma, repetitive microtrauma, or osteochondritis dissecans.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is confirmed with MRI or CT scans which identify the defect in the cartilage and bone.

Treatment Options

  • Conservative management with physical therapy
  • Surgical options include microfracture, osteochondral autograft transfer, or autologous chondrocyte implantation

Conservative Management

Initial treatment focuses on reducing inflammation and maintaining joint function through physical therapy.

Rehabilitation Exercises

  1. Low-impact range-of-motion exercises
  2. Strengthening exercises for knee stabilizers
  3. Gradual weight-bearing progression

Surgical Options

Surgical repair may involve techniques such as microfracture or osteochondral grafting to restore the cartilage surface.

Anatomy Overview

Osteochondral defects occur within the articular cartilage and subchondral bone of the knee joint.

Affected Areas

  • Femoral condyles
  • Tibial plateau

Frequently Asked Questions

QuestionAnswerCan an osteochondral defect heal without surgery?Small defects may heal with conservative management, but larger lesions often require surgical repair.What is the recovery like after surgery?Recovery varies but generally includes several months of rehabilitation.

Prevention Strategies

  • Avoid high-impact activities if at risk
  • Strengthen muscles around the knee
  • Maintain proper technique during sports

Related Conditions

  • Chondromalacia
  • Osteoarthritis

Additional Treatments

Adjunctive therapies such as viscosupplementation may be considered.

A Quick, Clear First Step Toward Joint Pain Relief

In under 2 minutes, OrthoCheck gives you a likely diagnosis—no appointment needed. If follow-up care is recommended, we’ll connect you with a top-rated orthopedic specialist near you.